Okamura K, Kobayashi I, Matsuo K, Taniguchi K, Ishibashi Y, Izumi T, Kitamura K, Sakai H
Department of Oral Pathology, Fukuoka Dental College, Japan.
Arch Oral Biol. 1995 Jan;40(1):47-53. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(94)00147-4.
Immunohistochemical methods for S-100 protein and neurone-specific enolase showed two types of nerve endings around the pulp microvasculature: the free endings, which comprise the major neural component and are distributed in all types of microvessel such as arterioles, venules and capillaries; and the varicose endings. The varicose ending was a less frequent, minor component observed only in the arterioles. Both immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations confirmed that the varicose endings were the terminal axons of efferent vasomotor nerves. Further extensive ultrastructural examinations on the vasomotor nerves added the following new findings to our previous reports. Vasomotor nerves sometimes ramified into more than two terminal axons around arterioles, and most of these ramified axons ended in the adventitia-media junction of the arteriolar wall; however, nerve endings occasionally penetrated into the media. These findings suggest an intimate structural association between vasomotor nerves and arterioles in regulating the arteriolar microcirculation in human dental pulp by stimulating smooth-muscle cells not only of the outermost but also of the inner layers. Furthermore, the deep penetration of terminal axons into the arteriolar wall seems to provide effective regulation of pulpal blood flow under physiological and pathological conditions.
针对S - 100蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶的免疫组织化学方法显示，牙髓微血管周围存在两种神经末梢：游离末梢，它是主要的神经成分，分布于所有类型的微血管，如小动脉、小静脉和毛细血管；以及曲张末梢。曲张末梢较少见，是仅在小动脉中观察到的次要成分。免疫组织化学和超微结构观察均证实，曲张末梢是传出血管运动神经的终末轴突。对血管运动神经进行的进一步广泛超微结构检查为我们之前的报告增添了以下新发现。血管运动神经有时在小动脉周围分支形成两个以上的终末轴突，并且这些分支轴突大多在小动脉壁的外膜 - 中膜交界处终止；然而，神经末梢偶尔会穿透进入中膜。这些发现表明，血管运动神经与小动脉之间存在密切的结构关联，通过不仅刺激最外层而且刺激内层的平滑肌细胞来调节人牙髓中的小动脉微循环。此外，终末轴突深入小动脉壁似乎在生理和病理条件下对牙髓血流提供了有效的调节。
