Schultz J, Ferguson B, Sprague G F
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403-1229, USA.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1995 Feb;5(1):31-7. doi: 10.1016/s0959-437x(95)90050-0.
An understanding of how an extracellular stimulus causes changes in cell growth is emerging from the study of four signal transduction pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the pheromone-response, pseudohyphal differentiation, osmolarity-response, and protein kinase C activated pathways. Each of these pathways contains at its core a distinct mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Biochemical and molecular studies have determined the functional order of the kinases in the pheromone-response pathway and have suggested that they are organized into a complex by a protein scaffold. The cell surface sensor system for the osmolarity-response pathway has been identified. It shows striking similarity to bacterial two-component sensor-responder systems. Finally, components that integrate information from these pathways and communicate it to cell growth regulators have been revealed.
对细胞外刺激如何引起细胞生长变化的理解，正从酿酒酵母中四条信号转导途径的研究中逐渐显现出来：信息素反应途径、假菌丝分化途径、渗透压反应途径以及蛋白激酶C激活途径。这些途径中的每一条都以一个独特的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶级联反应为核心。生化和分子研究已经确定了信息素反应途径中激酶的功能顺序，并表明它们通过一种蛋白质支架组织成一个复合物。渗透压反应途径的细胞表面传感系统已经被识别出来。它与细菌双组分传感应答系统有着惊人的相似之处。最后，整合来自这些途径的信息并将其传递给细胞生长调节因子的组分也已被揭示。
