Webster B L, Barr S I
School of Family and Nutritional Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1995 Mar;5(1):2-12. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.5.1.2.
Calcium intake and its association with dieting behavior were assessed in female adolescents competing in an aesthetic and a nonaesthetic sport (gymnastics and speed skating). Athletes were 25 skaters and 32 gymnasts competing at a provincial level or higher. Calcium intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire; dieting behavior by the Eating Attitudes Test Dieting subscale; and body composition by skinfolds, height, and weight. Mean calcium intakes of both groups of athletes exceeded Canadian recommendations, and skaters' mean intakes exceeded U.S. recommendations; however, many individuals had low intakes. Gymnasts were leaner than skaters and had lower calcium intakes, but this difference was not associated with Dieting subscale scores, which were similar between sports and were not correlated with calcium intake. Athletes had higher mean calcium intakes than normally active adolescents studied (measured with a similar protocol) and had lower Dieting subscale scores. Thus, although calcium intakes of some athletes require attention, sport participation was associated with increased intakes. Also, for these athletes, dieting behavior did not directly interfere with calcium intake.
对参加审美运动和非审美运动（体操和速度滑冰）的女性青少年的钙摄入量及其与节食行为的关联进行了评估。运动员包括25名速度滑冰选手和32名体操运动员，均参加省级或更高级别的比赛。通过食物频率问卷评估钙摄入量；通过饮食态度测试节食分量表评估节食行为；通过皮褶厚度、身高和体重评估身体成分。两组运动员的平均钙摄入量均超过了加拿大的建议摄入量，速度滑冰选手的平均摄入量超过了美国的建议摄入量；然而，许多人的摄入量较低。体操运动员比速度滑冰选手更瘦，钙摄入量也更低，但这种差异与节食分量表得分无关，两个项目的得分相似，且与钙摄入量无关。运动员的平均钙摄入量高于采用类似方案研究的正常活动青少年，节食分量表得分也更低。因此，尽管一些运动员的钙摄入量需要关注，但参与运动与摄入量增加有关。此外，对于这些运动员来说，节食行为并未直接影响钙摄入量。
