Jones D R
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Leicester, U.K.
Stat Med. 1995 Jan 30;14(2):137-49. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780140206.
Use of meta-analytical (quantitative overview) techniques is now commonplace in a wide range of medical research contexts, with a rapid rise in its frequency of use being particularly apparent in the last decade. The history of meta-analyses in other fields, particularly psychology and educational research, is longer. Many methods have been proposed and used, from crude 'vote counting' of studies showing significant or non-significant results, through methods for combination of effect size estimates based on fixed or random effects models, to general linear mixed models and Bayesian methods. The history of meta-analysis and the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to it are briefly reviewed in this paper, with reference to pharmaceutical product licence applications, other reviews of clinical trials and epidemiological studies, and health services research.
在广泛的医学研究背景中，使用荟萃分析（定量综述）技术如今已很常见，在过去十年中其使用频率的快速上升尤为明显。荟萃分析在其他领域，尤其是心理学和教育研究领域的历史更长。从对显示显著或不显著结果的研究进行粗略的“投票计数”，到基于固定效应或随机效应模型的效应量估计合并方法，再到通用线性混合模型和贝叶斯方法，人们已经提出并使用了许多方法。本文参照药品许可申请、其他临床试验综述和流行病学研究以及卫生服务研究，简要回顾了荟萃分析的历史以及各种方法的优缺点。
