Fossan G
Seksjon for Geriatri Institutt for samfunnmedisinske fag, Universitetet i Bergen, Ulriksdal.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1995 Apr 20;115(10):1233-5.
A review for the non-specialist. The proportion of dementia of different types varies in different investigations, illustrating the difficulty of classification. Recently genetic variants of amyloid precursor protein and apolipoprotein E have been found in some of the families with familial Alzheimer's disease. Cortical Lewy body disease and frontotemporal dementia have been described recently, indicating that Alzheimer's disease comprises more diseases. When diagnosing dementia, it is important to identify confusions, depressions, the vascular dementias and the potentially reversible ones. The treatment may include reducing drug therapy, prophylactic treatment of thromboembolic or hypertensive disease, care, information to the family and carers, and sometimes drug treatment for psychiatric symptoms. In the near future effective treatment of some of the primary degenerative dementias may become possible. It will then be necessary to make a more specified diagnosis at an early stage.
非专业人士综述。不同类型痴呆症的比例在不同研究中有所不同，这说明了分类的困难。最近在一些家族性阿尔茨海默病家族中发现了淀粉样前体蛋白和载脂蛋白E的基因变异。皮质路易体病和额颞叶痴呆最近已有描述，这表明阿尔茨海默病包含更多疾病。在诊断痴呆症时，识别精神错乱、抑郁症、血管性痴呆以及可能可逆的痴呆症很重要。治疗可能包括减少药物治疗、对血栓栓塞或高血压疾病进行预防性治疗、护理、向家属和护理人员提供信息，有时还包括针对精神症状的药物治疗。在不久的将来，对一些原发性退行性痴呆症进行有效治疗可能成为可能。届时有必要在早期进行更明确的诊断。
