Pinkpank T, Wandke H
Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Z Psychol Z Angew Psychol. 1995;203(2):119-37.
Flexibility is an important design criterion for user interfaces of interactive computer systems. Flexibility should allow an adaptation of the system to inter- and intra-individual differences in users. Flexible design requires to know how users base their decisions when they select one of the various options for interaction offered by the system. This problem has been studied in a psychophysiological experiment. In the experiment subjects were required to create graphics on a screen. Independent variables were: experience of the subjects (varied by training sessions), dialogue technique (menues vs. command language) and tasks. Tasks were constructed and analyzed by Cognitive Complexity Theory in order to have tasks suited for either menue or command techniques. Mental effort was registered by P300-amplitude of evoked potentials in the preparation stage of interaction and by 0.10 Hz-component of heart rate variability during the execution stage. It was possible to identify decision strategies based on anticipations of cognitive effort by considering the technique preferences shown in the training sessions and the time subjects spent on the task analysis.
灵活性是交互式计算机系统用户界面的一项重要设计标准。灵活性应使系统能够适应用户之间以及个体内部的差异。灵活的设计需要了解用户在从系统提供的各种交互选项中进行选择时是如何做出决策的。这个问题已经在一项心理生理学实验中进行了研究。在实验中，要求受试者在屏幕上创建图形。自变量包括：受试者的经验（通过训练课程进行变化）、对话技术（菜单与命令语言）和任务。任务是根据认知复杂性理论构建和分析的，以便有适合菜单或命令技术的任务。在交互准备阶段，通过诱发电位的P300振幅记录心理努力，在执行阶段，通过心率变异性的0.10 Hz分量记录心理努力。通过考虑训练课程中显示的技术偏好以及受试者在任务分析上花费的时间，可以识别基于对认知努力预期的决策策略。
