Mayfrank L, Bertalanffy H, Spetzger U, Klein H M, Gilsbach J M
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1994;131(3-4):270-3. doi: 10.1007/BF01808626.
The authors describe a method of real-time ultrasound-guided craniotomy for an approach to cerebral convexity lesions. During surgery, a specially designed high frequency (7.5 MHz) sector probe with a thin (11 mm), extended tip is used to image the cerebral lesion through a single burr-hole. The distance between burr-hole and lesion and the direction of the target are then determined from the ultrasound images, and craniotomy is completed with the aid of these parameters. Errors in the preoperative planning of the approach, which might result in incorrect placement of the craniotomy, can easily be recognized and corrected at an early stage of the operation, before the craniotomy has been completed. This technique greatly improves the accuracy in placing craniotomy flaps. Since the risk of misplacing the craniotomy is virtually eliminated in lesions which are identifiable on ultrasound images, the technique allows the surgeon to keep the skull opening as limited as possible.
作者描述了一种用于处理脑凸面病变的实时超声引导下开颅手术方法。手术过程中，使用一种专门设计的高频（7.5兆赫）扇形探头，其尖端薄（11毫米）且延长，通过单个骨孔对脑病变进行成像。然后根据超声图像确定骨孔与病变之间的距离以及目标方向，并借助这些参数完成开颅手术。在开颅手术完成前的手术早期阶段，术前入路规划中可能导致开颅位置不正确的误差能够很容易地被识别并纠正。该技术极大地提高了开颅皮瓣放置的准确性。由于在超声图像上可识别的病变中，开颅位置错误的风险几乎被消除，该技术使外科医生能够尽可能限制颅骨开口。
