Stage-specific immunolabeling for oviductin in the secretory granules of the oviductal epithelium of the golden hamster during the estrous cycle.

BACKGROUND

We have previously localized an antigen of oviductal origin in the zona pellucida of postovulatory hamster ova. This antigen is a high molecular weight glycoprotein secreted by the non-ciliated secretory cells of the oviduct and is later transferred to the zona pellucida of the oocyte during oviductal transit. This glycoprotein is rich in N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues and has been designated Hamster Oviductin-1. In the present study, a monoclonal antibody (MAb) raised against this oviductin was used to detect the presence of this antigen in oviductal tissue during the estrous cycle.

METHODS

Twenty mature female golden hamsters were used and were divided into five groups of five animals each according to the five different stages of the estrous cycle. Quantitative immunocytochemistry was performed on MAb-labeled thin sections of Lowicryl-embedded ampullary region of hamster oviducts. Control experiments were also carried out to assess the specificity of the immunolabeling.

RESULTS

Quantitative analysis of the immunogold labeling indicated that maximum labeling for oviductin in the secretory granules of oviductal epithelial secretory cells was found around the time of ovulation, i.e., at estrus. The intensity of immunolabeling decreased from metestrus to diestrus 1, was at a minimum at diestrus 2, and started to increase at proestrus.

CONCLUSION

Together, these quantitative results indicate that expression of oviductin in the secretory granules of the hamster oviductal secretory cells is stage specific. Maximum labeling for the antigen coincides with the time of ovulation suggesting an important role for the oviductal epithelium in contributing its secretory product to the zona pellucida of oocytes freshly released from the ovary. Since the oviduct is the site of sperm-egg interaction and where fertilization and early embryo development take place, the maximal production of oviductin at the time of ovulation may facilitate some of these crucial steps during the intricate process of reproduction.