Fleury F, Allemand R, Fouillet P, Boulétreau M
Laboratoire de Biométrie, URA CNRS No. 243, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France.
Behav Genet. 1995 Jan;25(1):81-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02197245.
The locomotor activity rhythm of Leptopilina heterotoma, a parasitoid insect of Drosophila larvae, was investigated under laboratory conditions. Under LD 12:12, the locomotor activity of females shows a clear rhythm which persists under continuous darkness (circadian rhythm). However, comparative study of five populations indicates that both the rate of activity and the profile of the rhythm vary according to the origin of females. The Mediterranean populations (Tunisia and Antibes) show two peaks of activity, at the beginning and at the end of the photophase, whereas more northern populations (Lyon and the Netherlands) are mostly active during the afternoon. Females originating from the area of Lyon have a very low level of activity. Reciprocal crosses (F1 hybrids and backcrosses) between the French and the Tunisian strains demonstrated the genetic basis of these variations and the biparental inheritance of the trait. This genetic variability is interpreted as a consequence of selective pressures and suggests a local adaptation of natural populations in host foraging behavior. The selective factors which could act on the daily organization of parasitoid behaviors are discussed.
在实验室条件下，对果蝇幼虫的寄生性昆虫——异角细蜂的运动活动节律进行了研究。在12小时光照：12小时黑暗（LD 12:12）条件下，雌性的运动活动呈现出明显的节律，在持续黑暗中该节律依然存在（昼夜节律）。然而，对五个种群的比较研究表明，活动速率和节律特征均因雌性的来源地而异。地中海种群（突尼斯和昂蒂布）在光照期开始和结束时出现两个活动高峰，而更靠北的种群（里昂和荷兰）大多在下午活跃。来自里昂地区的雌性活动水平非常低。法国品系和突尼斯品系之间的正反交（F1杂种和回交）证明了这些变异的遗传基础以及该性状的双亲遗传。这种遗传变异性被解释为选择压力的结果，并表明自然种群在寄主觅食行为方面存在局部适应性。文中讨论了可能作用于寄生蜂行为日常组织的选择因素。
