暴露于高频振动的女性牙科工作人员的神经病变
Neuropathy in female dental personnel exposed to high frequency vibrations.
作者信息
Akesson I, Lundborg G, Horstmann V, Skerfving S
机构信息
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 1995 Feb;52(2):116-23. doi: 10.1136/oem.52.2.116.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate early neuropathy in dental personnel exposed to high frequency vibrations.
METHODS
30 dentists and 30 dental hygienists who used low and high speed hand pieces and ultrasonic scalers were studied, and 30 dental assistants and 30 medical nurses not exposed to vibration (all women). Vibrotactile sensibility, strength, motor performance, sensorineural symptoms and signs, and vascular symptoms in the hands, as well as mercury concentrations in biological samples and cervicobrachial symptoms, were studied.
RESULTS
The two groups exposed to vibration had significant impairments of vibrotactile sensibility, strength, and motor performance, as well as more frequent sensorineural symptoms. In the dentists there were significant associations between the vibrotactile sensibility and strength, motor performance, superficial sensibility, and sensorineural symptoms. There were no associations between these findings and cervicobrachial symptoms, mercury concentrations, or smoking. There was no increase of vascular symptoms of the hands in the groups exposed to vibration.
CONCLUSION
Dental hygienists and dentists had a slight neuropathy, which may be associated with their exposure to high frequency vibrations, and which may be detrimental to their work performance. Thus, development of safer equipment is urgent.
目的
评估暴露于高频振动环境下的牙科工作人员的早期神经病变。
方法
对30名使用低速和高速手机及超声洁牙器的牙医和30名牙科保健员进行研究，并选取30名未接触振动的牙科助理和30名医护人员（均为女性）作为对照。研究手部的振动触觉敏感性、力量、运动表现、感觉神经症状和体征以及血管症状，同时检测生物样本中的汞浓度和颈臂症状。
结果
两组暴露于振动环境的人员在振动触觉敏感性、力量和运动表现方面均有明显损伤，感觉神经症状也更为频繁。在牙医组中，振动触觉敏感性与力量、运动表现、浅感觉和感觉神经症状之间存在显著关联。这些发现与颈臂症状、汞浓度或吸烟之间无关联。暴露于振动环境的组中手部血管症状未增加。
结论
牙科保健员和牙医存在轻微神经病变，这可能与他们暴露于高频振动有关，且可能对其工作表现产生不利影响。因此，迫切需要开发更安全的设备。
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