Huber M
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universität zu Köln.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1995 Mar;63(3):99-105. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-996608.
Dystonia is characterized by slow, repetitive, involuntary, often twisting movements leading to sustained abnormal postures and can be focal or generalised. In most cases, etiology remains unrevealed, some cases are hereditary, others have metabolic origin or can be attributed to focal brain lesions. The most common types of dystonia, spasmodic torticollis and blepharospasm, can now be treated successfully, albeit symptomatically, with Botulinum toxin injections into the affected muscles. A practical guide to differential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies is presented.
肌张力障碍的特点是缓慢、重复、不自主,常为扭转运动,导致持续的异常姿势,可局限或全身性发作。在大多数情况下,病因尚不明确,一些病例是遗传性的,其他病例有代谢性起源或可归因于局灶性脑损伤。肌张力障碍最常见的类型,痉挛性斜颈和眼睑痉挛,现在可以通过向受影响的肌肉注射肉毒杆菌毒素成功治疗,尽管只是对症治疗。本文提供了一份鉴别诊断和治疗策略的实用指南。