Zahr L K, Balian S
UCLA School of Nursing, USA.
Nurs Res. 1995 May-Jun;44(3):179-85.
This study documents the effects of routine nursing procedures and loud noise events on the behavioral and physiological responses of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The subjects were 55 premature infants ranging in weight from 480 to 1930 g and in age from 23 to 37 weeks gestation. Nineteen nursing activities common in the NICU as well as loud noises such as alarms, telephones, loud speech, or infant crying were recorded every 5 minutes. The infants' physiological and behavioral responses were recorded at 5-minute intervals for 2 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the evening. Nursing interventions and noise resulted in significant changes in both the behavioral and physiological responses of infants. The presence of noise alone and nursing interventions alone resulted in similar physiological responses; however, the combination of these events was not cumulative. Infants changed their behavioral states an average of six times each hour during the 12 observation periods, and the number of enduring states (10 minutes or longer) averaged 10 times in the 48 observation periods of 4 hours.
本研究记录了常规护理程序和噪音事件对新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中早产儿行为和生理反应的影响。研究对象为55名早产儿，体重在480至1930克之间，胎龄在23至37周之间。每隔5分钟记录一次NICU中常见的19项护理活动以及警报、电话、大声讲话或婴儿啼哭等噪音。在上午2小时和晚上2小时内，每隔5分钟记录一次婴儿的生理和行为反应。护理干预和噪音均导致婴儿的行为和生理反应发生显著变化。单独存在噪音和单独进行护理干预会导致相似的生理反应；然而，这些事件的组合并非具有累积性。在12个观察期内，婴儿每小时平均改变6次行为状态，在4小时的48个观察期内，持续状态（10分钟或更长时间）的次数平均为10次。
