Coccaro P J, Becker M H, Converse J M
Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1975;11(2):314-24.
Variations expressed clinically and radiographically in hemifacial microsomia preclude classifying all the abnormalities as coming from the first and second branchial arches. Anatomic structures arising from the branchial arches are directly involved but the final expression results from the combined impact of the primary anatomic defect and the secondary effects on contiguous structures. The deformities resulting from the latter are probably due to abnormal neuromuscular function.
半侧颜面短小畸形在临床上和影像学上表现出的差异，使得无法将所有异常都归类为源自第一和第二鳃弓。源自鳃弓的解剖结构直接受累，但最终表现是由原发性解剖缺陷以及对相邻结构的继发性影响共同作用的结果。后者导致的畸形可能归因于神经肌肉功能异常。
