Moore R, Brødsgaard I
Royal Dental College, Department of Oral Epidemiology and Public Health, Arhus University, Denmark.
Eur J Oral Sci. 1995 Apr;103(2 ( Pt 1)):121-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1995.tb00129.x.
Categories of extreme anxiety for dental treatment were derived using DSM-IV psychiatric criteria. A sample of 40 men and 40 women patients with extreme dental anxiety were initially evaluated with Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) and Geer Fear Scale (GFS). Patients all had DAS scores > or = 15 indicating extreme dental anxiety and were further evaluated with clinical interviews, Dental Fear Survey (DFS), Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS) and Mood Adjective Checklist (MACL). Results showed that 46% of 80 patients complained mainly of powerlessness and embarrassment about dental treatment while also having greater DBS scores than other categories, i.e. social phobia. Another 19% reported conditioned specific phobias (pain, drilling, injection, etc.) most often and lower DBS and GFS scores than other groups; while 35% had broader general anxiety complications, such as multiple phobias and agoraphobia with or without general anxiety symptoms (higher GFS and STAI-T compared to others). Symptoms of general anxiety disorder (GAD) were present in 30 of 80 patients, who had greater STAI-T and GFS and lower MACL scores than non-GAD patients. These results have implications for appropriate treatment strategies.
采用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）的精神科标准确定牙科治疗极度焦虑的类别。对40名男性和40名女性牙科极度焦虑患者样本最初使用牙科焦虑量表（DAS）、特质焦虑量表（STAI-T）和吉尔恐惧量表（GFS）进行评估。所有患者的DAS得分≥15，表明存在牙科极度焦虑，进一步通过临床访谈、牙科恐惧调查问卷（DFS）、牙科信念调查问卷（DBS）和情绪形容词检查表（MACL）进行评估。结果显示，80名患者中有46%主要抱怨牙科治疗时感到无助和尴尬，同时其DBS得分高于其他类别，即社交恐惧症。另有19%最常报告有条件性特定恐惧症（疼痛、钻孔、注射等），其DBS和GFS得分低于其他组；而35%有更广泛的一般性焦虑并发症，如多种恐惧症和广场恐惧症，伴有或不伴有一般性焦虑症状（与其他人相比，GFS和STAI-T更高）。80名患者中有30名存在广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）症状，与无GAD的患者相比，他们的STAI-T和GFS更高，MACL得分更低。这些结果对适当的治疗策略具有启示意义。
