Omae T, Oita J, Ueda K
National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
J Hypertens Suppl. 1994 Dec;12(10):S19-23.
To review current problems with hemorrhagic stroke in Japan and to explore possible explanations for a change not only in the incidence but also the severity of hemorrhagic stroke in recent years in Japan.
Mortality statistics, community-based registries and hospital records were used.
The age-adjusted stroke mortality rate in Japan has declined over the last 20 years by approximately 75%, a very strong decline compared with other countries. The reduction was much more marked for hemorrhagic stroke than for ischemic stroke. Community-based registries for recent years show that the incidence ratio of brain infarction to brain hemorrhage is 1.5-4.0; this is about one-half, or even less than one-half of the rates reported in Western populations. The incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage in Japan is 7-12% of total strokes. The growing popularity of antihypertensive treatment and changes in lifestyle, including nutrition, are considered responsible for the marked change observed in the stroke figures. Furthermore, mild to moderate cases of brain hemorrhage have been seen more frequently in recent years than severe cases.
回顾日本出血性卒中的当前问题，并探讨近年来日本出血性卒中发病率和严重程度变化的可能原因。
使用死亡率统计数据、基于社区的登记资料和医院记录。
在过去20年中，日本年龄调整后的卒中死亡率下降了约75%，与其他国家相比下降幅度非常大。出血性卒中的下降比缺血性卒中更为明显。近年来基于社区的登记资料显示，脑梗死与脑出血的发病率之比为1.5至4.0；这约为西方人群报告率的一半，甚至不到一半。日本蛛网膜下腔出血的发病率占总卒中的7%至12%。抗高血压治疗的日益普及以及包括营养在内的生活方式的改变被认为是卒中数据出现显著变化的原因。此外，近年来轻度至中度脑出血病例比严重病例更为常见。
