Perry B D, Wandeler A I
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (LRAD), Nairobi, Kenya.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1993 Dec;60(4):451-7.
Dog rabies control relies principally on the mass immunization of dogs in order to achieve population immunity levels sufficient to inhibit rabies transmission. In Africa, such high levels of population immunity are rarely achieved due to a number of reasons. Oral immunization has been shown to be an effective means of inducing high levels of immunity in fox populations in several European countries, and this technique has been mooted as a means of overcoming the logistical problems of delivering injectable rabies vaccines to dogs. This paper discusses the requirements for oral rabies vaccines for dogs in Africa and reviews the trials performed to date on baits and baiting systems suitable for the delivery of such vaccines. Issues affecting possible rabies vaccine distribution in the future are discussed and the major research issues still to be tackled are summarized.
犬类狂犬病防控主要依靠对犬类进行大规模免疫，以达到足以抑制狂犬病传播的群体免疫水平。在非洲，由于多种原因，很少能实现如此高的群体免疫水平。口服免疫已被证明是在几个欧洲国家的狐狸种群中诱导高水平免疫的有效手段，并且该技术已被提议作为克服给犬类注射狂犬病疫苗时后勤问题的一种方法。本文讨论了非洲犬用口服狂犬病疫苗的要求，并回顾了迄今为止针对适合此类疫苗投放的诱饵和诱饵系统所进行的试验。讨论了影响未来狂犬病疫苗可能分发的问题，并总结了仍需解决的主要研究问题。
