Donald P R, van Zyl L E, de Villiers J
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Hospital, University of Stellenbosch.
S Afr Med J. 1995 Mar;85(3):167-70.
From 1985 to 1992, 193 children with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) with a median age of 26 months were admitted to the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Hospital. Of these children 143 (74%) were documented to have received BCG, either by reference to 'Road to Health' cards or by contact with local authority clinic staff. In a further 18 children a BCG scar was visible. Therefore at least 161 of the children (83%) had received BCG vaccination. As the Western Cape has also been shown to have the highest incidence of TBM in South Africa, there is concern that BCG as currently used does not have a significant protective effect against disseminated tuberculosis. Seventy-seven children (40%) were also reported to have a close household contact who had been treated for pulmonary tuberculosis within the previous 24 months. Only 17 of these children (22%), however, were prescribed prophylactic isoniazid and only 7 of these completed 3 months or more prophylaxis.
1985年至1992年期间，193名患结核性脑膜炎（TBM）的儿童被收治于泰格堡医院儿童健康与儿科部，这些儿童的中位年龄为26个月。在这些儿童中，有143名（74%）被记录接种过卡介苗，要么是通过查看“健康之路”卡片，要么是通过与地方当局诊所工作人员联系得知。另有18名儿童可见卡介苗接种疤痕。因此，至少有161名儿童（83%）接种过卡介苗。由于西开普省在南非也被证明是结核性脑膜炎发病率最高的地区，因此有人担心目前使用的卡介苗对播散性结核病没有显著的保护作用。据报告，还有77名儿童（40%）有密切的家庭接触者，这些接触者在过去24个月内曾接受过肺结核治疗。然而，这些儿童中只有17名（22%）被开了预防性异烟肼，其中只有7名完成了3个月或更长时间的预防治疗。
