Logan A, Oliver J J, Berry M
Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, U.K.
Prog Growth Factor Res. 1994;5(4):379-405. doi: 10.1016/0955-2235(94)00008-9.
Traumatic central nervous system (CNS) injury is a significant clinical problem in the developed world. After injuries that penetrate into either the mature brain or spinal cord, damaged neurons initially begin to regrow, but this regeneration is aborted as a fibrotic scar is laid down within the wound. Reconnection of several neuronal pathways does not occur. Functional recovery from such injuries is therefore poor and morbidity severe, particularly for those patients with spinal cord damage. Although palliative measures are available to improve the quality of life, there is no accepted treatment to restore impaired sensory or motor function, so patients remain significantly and permanently debilitated. However, the rapid recent advances that have been made in our understanding of the underlying cellular and trophic pathology of such injuries offer the potential for development of novel therapies to control scarring, enhance neuron survival and stimulate axon regeneration, thereby promoting functional recovery.
创伤性中枢神经系统（CNS）损伤在发达国家是一个重大的临床问题。在穿透成熟脑或脊髓的损伤后，受损神经元最初开始再生，但随着伤口内形成纤维化瘢痕，这种再生就会中止。几条神经元通路无法重新连接。因此，此类损伤后的功能恢复很差，发病率很高，尤其是对于脊髓损伤患者。虽然有姑息措施可改善生活质量，但尚无公认的治疗方法来恢复受损的感觉或运动功能，因此患者仍严重且永久性地虚弱。然而，我们对这类损伤潜在的细胞和营养病理学的理解最近取得的快速进展为开发新疗法提供了潜力，以控制瘢痕形成、提高神经元存活率并刺激轴突再生，从而促进功能恢复。
