Delport S D, Christianson A L, van den Berg H J, Wolmarans L, Gericke G S
Department of Paediatrics, University of Pretoria.
S Afr Med J. 1995 Jan;85(1):11-5.
The aim was to study the spectrum of clinical problems and outcomes in infants born at an urban academic hospital. In consequence, as part of the overall study, the incidence of congenital anomalies and the outcomes of affected infants were recorded.
This was a prospective, hospital-based study, undertaken on liveborn infants born over a 3-year period, 1 May 1986 to 30 April 1989.
Kalafong Hospital, Pretoria.
A total of 17,351 liveborn infants was examined and the total congenital anomalies incidence was 11.87 per 1,000 livebirths. The central nervous system was the system most frequently involved (2.30 per 1,000 livebirths), followed by the musculoskeletal system (2.13 per 1,000 livebirths). The commonest individual congenital anomaly was Down syndrome (1.33 per 1,000 livebirths), followed by neural tube defects (0.99 per 1,000 livebirths) and ventricular septal defects (0.69 per 1,000 livebirths). In 11% (2.25 per 1,000 livebirths) of neonatal deaths, infant loss was attributable to congenital anomalies.
The incidence of congenital anomalies in black South African neonates, born in an urban setting, is as high as in other First- and Third-World countries, and the incidence of some individual congenital anomalies is higher. This study indicates the need for further research and the establishment of prenatal, genetics and paediatric facilities to manage these problems.
旨在研究一家城市学术医院出生的婴儿的临床问题谱及结局。因此，作为总体研究的一部分，记录了先天性异常的发生率及受影响婴儿的结局。
这是一项基于医院的前瞻性研究，对象为1986年5月1日至1989年4月30日这3年期间出生的活产婴儿。
比勒陀利亚的卡拉方医院。
共检查了17351名活产婴儿，先天性异常的总发生率为每1000例活产中有11.87例。中枢神经系统是最常受累的系统（每1000例活产中有2.30例），其次是肌肉骨骼系统（每1000例活产中有2.13例）。最常见的个体先天性异常是唐氏综合征（每1000例活产中有1.33例），其次是神经管缺陷（每1000例活产中有0.99例）和室间隔缺损（每1000例活产中有0.69例）。在11%（每1000例活产中有2.25例）的新生儿死亡中，婴儿死亡归因于先天性异常。
在城市环境中出生的南非黑人新生儿先天性异常的发生率与其他第一世界和第三世界国家一样高，且某些个体先天性异常的发生率更高。本研究表明需要进一步研究并建立产前、遗传学和儿科设施来处理这些问题。
