Burvill P W, Johnson G A, Jamrozik K D, Anderson C S, Stewart-Wynne E G, Chakera T M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Science, University of Western Australia, Perth.
Br J Psychiatry. 1995 Mar;166(3):328-32. doi: 10.1192/bjp.166.3.328.
The prevalence of anxiety disorders in 294 patients who survived to four months in the Perth Community Stroke Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these patients at 12 months, are presented.
Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of anxiety disorders.
Most cases were of agoraphobia, and the remainder were generalised anxiety disorder. The prevalence of anxiety disorders alone was 5% in men and 19% in women; in community controls, it was 5% in men and 8% in women. Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in men and 28% in women. When those who showed evidence of anxiety disorder before stroke were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in men and 20% in women.
One-third of the men and half of the women with post-stroke anxiety disorders showed evidence of either depression or an anxiety disorder at the time of the stroke. At 12 month follow-up of 49 patients with agoraphobia by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had agoraphobia. The only major difference in outcome between those with anxiety disorder alone and those with comorbid depression was the greater mortality in the latter.
本文呈现了珀斯社区中风研究（澳大利亚珀斯）中294名存活至四个月的患者的焦虑症患病率，以及对这些患者进行的12个月随访情况。
诊断采用常见的DSM层级格式和非层级方法进行描述。仅采用层级方法会大大低估焦虑症的患病率。
大多数病例为广场恐惧症，其余为广泛性焦虑症。单纯焦虑症的患病率男性为5%，女性为19%；在社区对照组中，男性为5%，女性为8%。采用非层级诊断方法得出的患病率男性为12%，女性为28%。减去中风前有焦虑症证据的患者后，后者的患病率男性为9%，女性为20%。
中风后焦虑症患者中，三分之一的男性和一半的女性在中风时表现出抑郁或焦虑症的证据。采用非层级方法对49名广场恐惧症患者进行12个月随访时，51%的患者已康复，其余患者中死亡或仍患有广场恐惧症的比例相同。单纯焦虑症患者和合并抑郁症患者在预后方面的唯一主要差异是后者的死亡率更高。
