Noor M A
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Nature. 1995 Jun 22;375(6533):674-5. doi: 10.1038/375674a0.
Reinforcement is the process by which natural selection strengthens sexual isolation between incipient species, reducing the frequency of maladaptive hybridization and hence completing reproductive isolation. Although this model of speciation was once widely accepted, its plausibility and experimental support have been recently attacked. Here we provide an example of speciation by reinforcement, in the North American fruitfly Drosophila pseudoobscura. The results suggest that females of D. pseudoobscura evolved increased sexual isolation from their sibling species, D. persimilis, by natural selection against maladaptive hybridization.
强化是自然选择加强初始物种间性隔离的过程，这一过程会降低不适应杂交的频率，从而完成生殖隔离。尽管这种物种形成模型曾一度被广泛接受，但最近其合理性和实验支持受到了质疑。在此，我们给出北美果蝇拟暗果蝇通过强化实现物种形成的一个例子。结果表明，拟暗果蝇的雌性通过对不适应杂交的自然选择，进化出了与同胞物种佩氏果蝇更强的性隔离。
