Knoblauch M
Medizinische Abteilung, Kreisspital Männedorf.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 1995 May 9;84(19):561-3.
This is a review on the pathogenesis, precipitating causes, analyses, complications, prognosis and therapeutic possibilities of hepatic ascites for practical purposes. Among the possible analyses, granulocyte count, difference between serum albumin and ascitic albumin, cytologic evaluation and bacterial culture in blood-culture media are the most promising. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis often shows no local clinical signs and carries a bad prognosis, unless looked for and treated. The hallmark of treatment of hepatic ascites consists of reduced sodium intake, diuretics and total paracentesis. Peritoneovenous shunt, TIPPS and hepatic transplantation are options in refractory cases.
这是一篇关于肝腹水的发病机制、诱发因素、分析、并发症、预后及治疗可能性的实用性综述。在可能的分析方法中，粒细胞计数、血清白蛋白与腹水白蛋白的差值、细胞学评估以及血培养培养基中的细菌培养最具前景。自发性细菌性腹膜炎通常无局部临床症状，预后不良，除非进行检查和治疗。肝腹水治疗的关键在于减少钠摄入、使用利尿剂以及进行完全腹腔穿刺放液。对于难治性病例，可选择腹腔静脉分流术、经颈静脉肝内门体分流术（TIPPS）和肝移植。
