Wallach M, Smith N C, Petracca M, Miller C M, Eckert J, Braun R
Institut für allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Universität Bern, Switzerland.
Vaccine. 1995 Mar;13(4):347-54. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(95)98255-9.
Affinity-purified gametocyte antigens (APGA) from Eimeria maxima, emulsified in Freund's adjuvant, were injected intramuscularly into breeding hens on two or three occasions. As a result, progeny of the immunized hens were partially immune to infection with E. maxima, Eimeria tenella and Eimeria acervulina (with a reduction in total oocyst output of 45-63% as compared with progeny of untreated hens). Thus, APGA in Freund's adjuvant appears to have great potential as part of a maternally applied vaccine against coccidiosis. The ability of APGA to induce partial cross-species protection is most probably due to the existence of conserved epitopes in the different species as indicated by comparative Western blots of E. maxima and E. tenella. Surprisingly, Freund's adjuvant by itself also induced significant levels of maternal immunity to coccidiosis (with a 12-35% reduction in oocyst output in the progeny). In contrast to the purified antigens or Freund's alone, crude extracts from gametocytes as well as other developmental stages, induced little if any significant maternal immunity despite provoking the production of large amounts of parasite-specific IgG, including antibodies to APGA. This result indicates that a successful maternal vaccine against coccidiosis requires, in addition to good recognition of protective antigens, the exclusion of irrelevant antigens from the vaccine preparation.
将来自巨型艾美耳球虫的亲和纯化配子体抗原（APGA）乳化于弗氏佐剂中，分两到三次肌肉注射给种母鸡。结果，免疫母鸡的后代对巨型艾美耳球虫、柔嫩艾美耳球虫和堆型艾美耳球虫的感染具有部分免疫力（与未处理母鸡的后代相比，总卵囊产量降低了45 - 63%）。因此，弗氏佐剂中的APGA作为母源应用抗球虫病疫苗的一部分似乎具有很大潜力。APGA诱导部分跨物种保护的能力很可能是由于不同物种中存在保守表位，这由巨型艾美耳球虫和柔嫩艾美耳球虫的比较免疫印迹所表明。令人惊讶的是，弗氏佐剂本身也诱导了显著水平的母源抗球虫免疫力（后代卵囊产量降低了12 - 35%）。与纯化抗原或单独的弗氏佐剂不同，配子体以及其他发育阶段的粗提物，尽管能激发产生大量寄生虫特异性IgG，包括针对APGA的抗体，但几乎没有诱导出显著的母源免疫力。这一结果表明，一种成功的母源抗球虫病疫苗除了要能很好地识别保护性抗原外，还需要在疫苗制剂中排除无关抗原。
