Widmalm S E, Westesson P L, Kim I K, Pereira F J, Lundh H, Tasaki M M
Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1994 Oct;78(4):416-25. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(94)90031-0.
The purpose of this autopsy study was to test the hypotheses that temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrosis is more common in women than in men, increases with age, and is more common in edentulous persons than in those with natural teeth. Two hundred forty-eight TMJs removed at autopsy from 224 fresh cadavers were investigated macroscopically with dissection or cryosectioning. Age was found to be a significant factor in prediction of TMJ arthrosis (p < 0.001) and of disk perforation (p < 0.05). No significant association was found between morphologic changes in the TMJ and the factor of sex for the whole group. Disk displacement and disk perforation were, however, more common in the joints of women than men in the group of persons 80 years of age or older (p < 0.05). There were significant associations (p < 0.001) between arthrosis, disk displacement, disk deformation, and disk perforation. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of morphologic changes in the joints from persons with 10 or more natural teeth in each jaw compared with those from persons without natural teeth. The results of this study showed that TMJ arthrosis is more frequent in older than in younger persons. TMJ disk displacement generally appears necessary for the development of perforations. The findings of this study indicate that sex and dentition are not major factors for the development of TMJ pathosis in elderly individuals.
颞下颌关节（TMJ）关节病在女性中比在男性中更常见，随年龄增长而增加，并且在无牙人群中比在有天然牙的人群中更常见。对从224具新鲜尸体上取下的248个颞下颌关节进行了解剖或冷冻切片的宏观研究。发现年龄是预测颞下颌关节关节病（p < 0.001）和盘穿孔（p < 0.05）的一个重要因素。在整个组中，未发现颞下颌关节的形态学变化与性别因素之间存在显著关联。然而，在80岁及以上人群组中，女性关节中的盘移位和盘穿孔比男性更常见（p < 0.05）。关节病、盘移位、盘变形和盘穿孔之间存在显著关联（p < 0.001）。与无天然牙的人相比，每个颌骨有10颗或更多天然牙的人的关节形态学变化患病率没有统计学上的显著差异。本研究结果表明，颞下颌关节关节病在老年人中比在年轻人中更常见。颞下颌关节盘移位通常似乎是穿孔发展的必要条件。本研究结果表明，性别和牙列不是老年人颞下颌关节病变发展的主要因素。
