Wolfsperger M, Hauser G, Gössler W, Schlagenhaufen C
Institute of Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Sci Total Environ. 1994 Dec 1;156(3):235-42. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(94)90190-2.
Hair samples from 79 young healthy adults from Vienna (Austria) and Rome (Italy) were analyzed for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Pb by ICP-MS. No differences were found between the two locations except for chromium, which was significantly higher in the Viennese population (P < 0.001). In both cities male hair contained higher arsenic (P < 0.001) and lower cadmium (P < 0.05) levels than female hair, and in Vienna lead concentrations were lower in males (P < 0.05). Striking differences appeared when smokers were compared with non-smokers. Geometric means (micrograms/g) of smokers versus non-smokers were: arsenic 0.081 vs. 0.065, cadmium 0.075 vs. 0.038 (P < 0.05), cobalt 0.025 vs. 0.010 (P < 0.05), chromium 0.84 vs. 0.72 (P < 0.05), lead 3.42 vs. 1.47 (P < 0.001) and nickel 0.64 vs. 0.32 (P < 0.005). Consideration of a large number of biological and behavioural factors minimizes bias inherent in unmatched sample composition.
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对来自奥地利维也纳和意大利罗马的79名年轻健康成年人的头发样本进行了砷、镉、钴、铬、镍和铅含量分析。除铬外，两个地点之间未发现差异，维也纳人群中的铬含量显著更高（P < 0.001）。在两个城市中，男性头发中的砷含量均高于女性（P < 0.001），镉含量低于女性（P < 0.05），并且在维也纳，男性的铅浓度较低（P < 0.05）。将吸烟者与非吸烟者进行比较时出现了显著差异。吸烟者与非吸烟者的几何平均含量（微克/克）分别为：砷0.081对0.065，镉0.075对0.038（P < 0.05），钴0.025对0.010（P < 0.05），铬0.84对0.72（P < 0.05），铅3.42对1.47（P < 0.001），镍0.64对0.32（P < 0.005）。考虑大量生物学和行为学因素可将不匹配样本组成中固有的偏差降至最低。
