Farr R W
Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown.
W V Med J. 1994 Oct;90(10):422-5.
An outbreak of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) occurred in the western U.S. in 1993. This outbreak was surprising because serious disease due to hantavirus had not been reported previously in the U.S., and hantavirus had not been documented to cause significant pulmonary disease. Epidemiologic investigation discovered a novel strain of hantavirus as the etiologic agent of HPS. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) proposed the name of Muerto Canyon virus for this novel hantavirus, which is transmitted through aerosolized excreta of infected rodents. HPS begins with a prodrome of fever, myalgia, and respiratory symptoms followed by the acute onset of respiratory distress. Since HPS has a mortality of 60%, early recognition is important so that supportive treatment can be initiated promptly. Intravenous ribavirin is investigational therapy and can be obtained through the CDC in Atlanta.
1993年，美国西部爆发了汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS）。这次疫情令人惊讶，因为此前美国未曾报告过由汉坦病毒引起的严重疾病，而且汉坦病毒也未被证明会导致严重的肺部疾病。流行病学调查发现了一种新型汉坦病毒，它是HPS的病原体。疾病控制中心（CDC）为这种新型汉坦病毒提议了“莫尔托峡谷病毒”这一名称，该病毒通过受感染啮齿动物的气溶胶排泄物传播。HPS起初有发热、肌痛和呼吸道症状的前驱症状，随后急性发作呼吸窘迫。由于HPS的死亡率为60%，早期识别很重要，以便能迅速开始支持性治疗。静脉注射利巴韦林是试验性疗法，可通过亚特兰大的疾病控制中心获得。
