Braun U, Gerber D
Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Am J Vet Res. 1994 Sep;55(9):1201-5.
Influence of age, breed, and stage of pregnancy on hepatic ultrasonographic findings of cows was determined. In addition, the relation between body weight, height at the withers, milk production, and the measurements determined via ultrasonography was investigated. The liver of 186 cows was examined ultrasonographically. The cows comprised Swiss Braunvieh, Simmental, and Holstein breeds, and age ranged from 2.5 to 11.5 years. The ultrasonographic findings of the liver, gallbladder, caudal vena cava, and portal vein were described, and the position, size, thickness, and distal angle of the liver were determined. In addition, the position and diameter of the caudal vena cava and portal vein were determined. There was no significant difference between any of the variables determined and breed or age. Therefore, measurements for the 3 breeds and for the various ages were summarized into 1 group. There were significant correlations between body weight, milk production, and size and thickness of the liver. In 3 pregnant cows, the liver was examined ultrasonographically 8 times during the course of pregnancy. Positive correlation was detected between stage of pregnancy and diameter of the caudal vena cava. There was a negative correlation between stage of pregnancy and diameter of the portal vein. In 23 cows, the ultrasonographically determined measurements of the liver were compared with those determined at slaughter. Weight of the liver correlated well to thickness of the liver determined via ultrasonography.
确定了年龄、品种和怀孕阶段对奶牛肝脏超声检查结果的影响。此外，还研究了体重、肩高、产奶量与通过超声检查确定的测量值之间的关系。对186头奶牛的肝脏进行了超声检查。这些奶牛包括瑞士褐牛、西门塔尔牛和荷斯坦牛品种，年龄在2.5至11.5岁之间。描述了肝脏、胆囊、尾腔静脉和门静脉的超声检查结果，并确定了肝脏的位置、大小、厚度和远端角度。此外，还确定了尾腔静脉和门静脉的位置和直径。所确定的任何变量与品种或年龄之间均无显著差异。因此，将这3个品种和不同年龄的测量值汇总为1组。体重、产奶量与肝脏大小和厚度之间存在显著相关性。在3头怀孕奶牛中，在怀孕期间对其肝脏进行了8次超声检查。检测到怀孕阶段与尾腔静脉直径之间呈正相关。怀孕阶段与门静脉直径之间呈负相关。在23头奶牛中，将超声检查确定的肝脏测量值与屠宰时确定的测量值进行了比较。肝脏重量与通过超声检查确定的肝脏厚度相关性良好。
