González Villalpando C, Stern M P, Arredondo Pérez B, Valdéz R, Mitchell B, Haffner S
Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, American British Cowdray Hospital, México, D.F.
Arch Med Res. 1994 Autumn;25(3):347-53.
The aim of this study was to characterize the prevalence and detection of systemic hypertension in a low income urban area of Mexico City. The population of the studied area was 15,532 inhabitants, of whom 3505 (22.6%) were eligible for study (men aged 35-64 years and non-pregnant women). Home interviews were obtained on 2810 (80.2%) and physical and laboratory examination was performed on 2282 individuals (941 men, 1341 women, 81.2% of those interviewed and 65.1% of all the eligibles). Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a random zero sphygmomanometer (Hawksley, London). Three measurements were made on the right arm after a 5 min rest, with the patient seated. The average of the last two determinations was taken as the patient's BP. High blood pressure (HBP) was defined as systolic BP > or = 160 and/or diastolic BP > or = 95 mmHg, or if the patient was taking antihypertensive therapy regardless of the blood pressure value. A total of 216 subjects (77 men, 139 women) met criteria for HBP. In the 35-44 age group, prevalence for men was 4.16% and for women 3.06%. In the 44-55 age groups the prevalence for men was 7.81% and for women 12.55%. In the 55-64 year group the prevalence for men was 16.51% and for women 22.2%. Obesity was associated with HBP (body mass index in men with HBP was 28.9 kg/m2 vs. without 26.9 kg/m2, p < 0.001; women with HBP, 30.8 kg/m2 vs. without 28.5 kg/m2, p < 0.001.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究旨在描述墨西哥城一个低收入城区系统性高血压的患病率及检出情况。研究区域的人口为15532名居民，其中3505人（22.6%）符合研究条件（35至64岁男性及非孕女性）。对2810人（80.2%）进行了家访，并对2282人进行了体格检查和实验室检查（941名男性、1341名女性，占受访对象的81.2%，占所有符合条件者的65.1%）。使用随机零点血压计（Hawksley，伦敦）测量血压。患者坐位休息5分钟后，在右臂测量三次。取最后两次测定值的平均值作为患者的血压值。高血压定义为收缩压≥160和/或舒张压≥95 mmHg，或患者正在接受抗高血压治疗，无论血压值如何。共有216名受试者（77名男性，139名女性）符合高血压标准。在35至44岁年龄组中，男性患病率为4.16%，女性为3.06%。在44至55岁年龄组中，男性患病率为7.81%，女性为12.55%。在55至64岁年龄组中，男性患病率为16.51%，女性为22.2%。肥胖与高血压相关（高血压男性的体重指数为28.9 kg/m²，无高血压者为26.9 kg/m²，p<0.001；高血压女性为30.8 kg/m²，无高血压者为28.5 kg/m²，p<0.001。（摘要截短为250字）
