Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern M P, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz S, Haffner S
Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, American British Cowdray Hospital, México.
Arch Med Res. 1996 Spring;27(1):19-23.
In this report we present the results of a population based survey designed to characterize the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (HCL: total cholesterol > or = 240 mg/dl) in a low income urban area of Mexico City (The Mexico City Diabetes Study). In an area of 15,532 inhabitants, 3505 (22.57%) were found to be study eligible (all 35-64 year-old men and nonpregnant women residing in the area permanently). A home interview was obtained in 2813 (80.26%) subjects. A physical exam and oral glucose tolerance test was performed on 2282 (81.2% of the individuals that gave the interview and 65.1% of all study eligibles, 941 men and 1341 women). The crude prevalence of HCL for men in this group was 12.3% and for women 12.5%. Severe HCL (total cholesterol > or = 260 mg/dl) was found in 6.6% of men and 6.5% of women. In the older age group (55-64 years) prevalence in women reached 21.1%. Of the individuals with HCL this abnormality was previously diagnosed in only 15.9% of men and in 7.8% of women. Despite having been diagnosed, the abnormality remained untreated in all cases. HCL was associated with higher mean systolic blood pressure (in women), higher mean diastolic blood pressure (in men) and higher mean fasting and 2 h post-glucose load glycemia as well as post-challenge insulinemia in both sexes. Mean TG was found high in both groups (with and without HCL), but in subjects with HCL the values were significantly higher. We conclude that HCL is very common in this population. The majority of the cases remained undiagnosed and of the small fraction of subjects that have been diagnosed, virtually none is under medical care. It is necessary to design and implement a national program to reduce the impact of this serious health problem.
在本报告中，我们呈现了一项基于人群的调查结果，该调查旨在确定墨西哥城低收入城区（墨西哥城糖尿病研究）高胆固醇血症（HCL：总胆固醇≥240mg/dl）的患病率。在一个有15532名居民的区域，发现3505人（22.57%）符合研究条件（所有居住在该区域的35 - 64岁男性及非妊娠女性）。2813名（80.26%）受试者接受了家访。对2282人（占接受访谈者的81.2%，占所有符合研究条件者的65.1%，其中男性941人，女性1341人）进行了体格检查和口服葡萄糖耐量试验。该组男性HCL的粗患病率为12.3%，女性为12.5%。重度HCL（总胆固醇≥260mg/dl）在6.6%的男性和6.5%的女性中被发现。在年龄较大的组（55 - 64岁）中，女性患病率达21.1%。在患有HCL的个体中，此前仅15.9%的男性和7.8%的女性被诊断出该异常。尽管已被诊断，但所有病例中的该异常均未得到治疗。HCL与较高的平均收缩压（女性）、较高的平均舒张压（男性）以及较高的平均空腹和葡萄糖负荷后2小时血糖水平相关，并且在两性中均与激发后胰岛素血症相关。两组（有和无HCL）的平均甘油三酯均较高，但HCL受试者的值显著更高。我们得出结论，HCL在该人群中非常普遍。大多数病例未被诊断，而在已被诊断的一小部分受试者中，几乎无人接受医疗护理。有必要设计并实施一项全国性计划，以减轻这一严重健康问题的影响。
