Tairbekov M G, Margolis L B, Baĭbakov B A, Gabova A V, Dergacheva G B
Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol. 1994 Sep-Oct(5):745-50.
The experiment "Fibroblast" was performed in 1992 on biosatellite "Cosmos-2229" in onboard device "Biobox" designed by the order of European Space Agency. The main objective was elucidation of the mechanisms responsible for the effect of space flight factors, mostly microgravity, on cell culture. We studied time-related changes in growth, motility and some morphological characteristics of the cells in monolayer cultures on a solid substrate and in three-dimensional cultures supported by sponge gels. Studies were carried out on connective tissue cells isolated from the mouse embryos. Comparative after-flight analysis of the cell cultures exposed to space flight and of those under the normal gravity conditions (1 g) on the Earth has revealed some differences. The space flight conditions, mainly microgravity, induced marked changes in morphological characteristics and functional activity of the cultured fibroblasts: changes in the nucleus size and shape, retardation of cell growth and division rate. We believe that these changes may be due to weakening of intercellular contacts and cell adhesion to the substrate. These findings are important both for general biology and space medicine, specifically for the problems of tissue regeneration and wound healing under the conditions of long-term space flight.
“成纤维细胞”实验于1992年在生物卫星“宇宙-2229”上利用欧洲航天局订购设计的机载设备“生物箱”进行。主要目的是阐明太空飞行因素，主要是微重力，对细胞培养产生影响的机制。我们研究了在固体基质上的单层培养物以及由海绵凝胶支持的三维培养物中细胞生长、运动性和一些形态特征随时间的变化。研究对象是从小鼠胚胎中分离出的结缔组织细胞。对暴露于太空飞行的细胞培养物与地球上正常重力条件（1g）下的细胞培养物进行飞行后比较分析，发现了一些差异。太空飞行条件，主要是微重力，导致培养的成纤维细胞在形态特征和功能活性方面发生显著变化：细胞核大小和形状改变、细胞生长和分裂速度减慢。我们认为这些变化可能是由于细胞间接触和细胞与基质的粘附减弱所致。这些发现对于普通生物学和太空医学都很重要，特别是对于长期太空飞行条件下的组织再生和伤口愈合问题。
