Modlin I M, Lawton G P
J Clin Gastroenterol. 1994 Oct;19(3):184-8. doi: 10.1097/00004836-199410000-00002.
There has been a recent focus of attention on the duodenum as a major source of gastrinomas. The question has often arisen as to why the pancreas should give rise to gastrinomas because, in the adult, it contains no gastrin-producing (G) cells. However, the numerous G cells of the duodenum may proliferate and function as a "carcinoid" lesion, producing a relatively indolent tumor, much like a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. On the contrary, islet cells of the pancreas, which do not produce gastrin, may behave much like a neuroendocrine carcinoma and may be defined as a "pancreatic gastrinoma" because they produce an ectopic hormone (gastrin). These lesions are capable of behaving much more aggressively, as do many other ectopic hormone-producing neoplasms. The recognition of the difference between these two types of gastrinoma is of considerable clinical and biological significance.
十二指肠作为胃泌素瘤的主要来源，近来受到了关注。人们常常会问，为什么胰腺会产生胃泌素瘤，因为在成年人中，胰腺不含产生胃泌素的（G）细胞。然而，十二指肠中大量的G细胞可能会增殖并形成“类癌”病变，产生相对惰性的肿瘤，很像甲状腺乳头状癌。相反，不产生胃泌素的胰腺胰岛细胞可能表现得很像神经内分泌癌，并且可能被定义为“胰腺胃泌素瘤”，因为它们产生异位激素（胃泌素）。这些病变的行为可能比许多其他产生异位激素的肿瘤更具侵袭性。认识到这两种类型胃泌素瘤之间存在差异具有相当大的临床和生物学意义。
