Metz C
Psyche (Stuttg). 1994 Nov;48(11):1004-46.
Comparing and contrasting dreams and films we find a complex behind of affinities and distinctions between the dream state and the film state. The author classifies the totality of these partial distinctions and similarities in terms of three factors deriving from the discrepancy between sleep and the waking state: first, the inconsistent knowledge of the subject with regard to what he is doing; second, the presence or absence of real perceptual material; and third, the qualitative difference between dream text and film text. Metz shows that, unlike dreams, which obey primary events, films have much greater affinities with secondary events and the pre-conscious figments of daydreaming. Dreams, the author contends, belong to childhood and night, while films and daydreams are more adult and belong to the day and the evening.
通过比较和对比梦境与电影，我们发现在梦境状态和电影状态之间存在着一系列复杂的相似性和差异性。作者从睡眠状态与清醒状态的差异中提取出三个因素，对这些局部的异同进行了分类：第一，主体对自身行为的认知不一致；第二，真实感知材料的有无；第三，梦文本与电影文本在性质上的差异。梅茨指出，与遵循原发性事件的梦境不同，电影与继发性事件以及白日梦的前意识虚构内容有更多的相似之处。作者认为，梦境属于童年和夜晚，而电影和白日梦更具成人属性，属于白天和傍晚。
