Etienne A S, Sitbon S, Dahn-Hurni C, Maurer R
Laboratoire d'Ethologie, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Q J Exp Psychol B. 1994 Nov;47(4):401-25.
This paper examines whether golden hamsters can rely on dead reckoning (getting positional information from updated signals generated during locomotion) on an eight-arm maze. Two groups of hamsters were tested: Group L under ordinary room light, Group D in darkness. To enhance the role of dead reckoning, each subject could climb from its own home cage onto the central platform of the maze. In a first experimental phase (15 trials), the L subjects learned to master the maze through developing a locomotor rule (arm chaining) after three to four trials. The D subjects developed arm chaining less readily and fluctuated more in their performance than did the L subjects. In a second experimental phase (15 trials), four arms were blocked at the beginning of each trial. In both experimental groups the performance decreased, yet remained well above chance level. Success and arm chaining were positively correlated in Phase 1 and negatively correlated with success in Phase 2. We assume that in Phase 2 the L subjects switched to the predominant use of visual cues, and the D subjects to dead reckoning.
本文研究了金黄地鼠在八臂迷宫中是否能够依靠航位推算（从运动过程中生成的更新信号获取位置信息）。对两组地鼠进行了测试：L组在普通室内灯光下，D组在黑暗中。为了增强航位推算的作用，每个实验对象都可以从自己的家笼爬到迷宫的中央平台。在第一个实验阶段（15次试验），L组实验对象在三到四次试验后通过制定运动规则（臂链法）学会了掌握迷宫。D组实验对象形成臂链法的速度较慢，并且其表现比L组实验对象波动更大。在第二个实验阶段（15次试验），每次试验开始时四个臂被堵住。在两个实验组中，表现都有所下降，但仍远高于随机水平。在第一阶段，成功与臂链法呈正相关，而在第二阶段与成功呈负相关。我们假设在第二阶段，L组实验对象转而主要使用视觉线索，而D组实验对象则依靠航位推算。
