Katz R T, Campagnolo D I, Goldberg G, Parker J C, Pine Z M, Whyte J
St. Louis University School of Medicine, SSM Rehabilitation Institute, MO.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995 Jan;76(1):82-93. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(95)80048-4.
This focused review contains a suggested core of material that will help residents or practicing physiatrists critically review research papers published in the medical literature. Before accepting the results of a clinical trial, physiatrists must critique the experimental methods and study design carefully to decide whether to include these new ideas into their clinical practice. Medical research relies on statistical methodology, and statistics pervade the medical literature. This article begins with an introduction to rudimentary statistics. Fortunately, most studies depend on a rather small body of statistical concepts. The elements of experimental design--clinical trials, randomization, single-subject design, meta-analysis, epidemiological studies--are presented in a concise review. Finally, the elements of statistics and experimental design are integrated into a step-by-step method strategy for reading the medical literature.
这篇重点综述包含了一系列建议的核心材料，有助于住院医师或执业物理治疗师批判性地审阅医学文献中发表的研究论文。在接受一项临床试验的结果之前，物理治疗师必须仔细评判实验方法和研究设计，以决定是否将这些新观点纳入其临床实践。医学研究依赖于统计方法，统计学在医学文献中无处不在。本文首先介绍基础统计学。幸运的是，大多数研究依赖于相当少量的统计概念。文中以简明综述的形式介绍了实验设计的要素——临床试验、随机化、单病例设计、荟萃分析、流行病学研究。最后，将统计学和实验设计的要素整合为一种循序渐进的方法策略，用于阅读医学文献。
