Ferris D G, Hamrick H J, Pollock P G, Stinson A J, Crenshaw J, Wahl E F, Koenig A S, Fischer P M, Kroger J S
Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta.
Arch Fam Med. 1995 Jan;4(1):34-9. doi: 10.1001/archfami.4.1.34.
To assess the status of office laboratory residency education and training in family practice, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatric residency programs.
A single mailed survey to 1299 residency programs from December 1992 to February 1993.
Primary care residency directors from 507 (39%) of 1299 programs.
A 27-item survey of residency-based office laboratory practices, education, training, and resources.
Differences between specialties in provision and quantity of office laboratory education and training, presence of a residency-based office laboratory, laboratory classification under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, and available laboratory tests.
Of those responding, office laboratories were present in 89% of family practice, 19% of internal medicine, 29% of obstetrics and gynecology, and 24% of pediatrics residency programs. Laboratory training was available at 60% of family practice, 16% of internal medicine, 15% of obstetrics and gynecology, and 30% of pediatrics programs. The median number of hours of formal skills training was 10 hours for family practice residency programs but less than 2 hours for the other specialties. Only 25% of the programs reported educational assistance from pathologists. Merely 4% of the programs had postassessment examinations and 2% awarded certificates of achievement. A majority of family practice programs performed waivered tests and physician-performed microscopy tests, but moderately complex tests were performed in less than 50% of family practice programs.
Family practice residency programs provide more office laboratory training for residents than other specialties. There is a need for improved residency training in the basics of office laboratory practice.
评估家庭医学、内科、妇产科及儿科住院医师培训项目中门诊实验室住院医师教育与培训的现状。
1992年12月至1993年2月向1299个住院医师培训项目邮寄了单项调查问卷。
1299个项目中507个（39%）的基层医疗住院医师培训主任。
一项包含27个条目的关于基于住院医师培训的门诊实验室实践、教育、培训及资源的调查。
各专业在门诊实验室教育与培训的提供情况及数量、基于住院医师培训的门诊实验室的存在情况、根据《临床实验室改进修正案》进行的实验室分类以及可用的实验室检查之间的差异。
在做出回应的项目中，89%的家庭医学、19%的内科、29%的妇产科及24%的儿科住院医师培训项目设有门诊实验室。60%的家庭医学、16%的内科、15%的妇产科及30%的儿科项目提供实验室培训。家庭医学住院医师培训项目正规技能培训的中位数时长为10小时，而其他专业则少于2小时。只有25%的项目报告有病理学家提供教育援助。仅有4%的项目进行了课后评估考试，2%的项目颁发了结业证书。大多数家庭医学项目开展了简易检测及医师操作的显微镜检查，但不到50%的家庭医学项目进行中度复杂检测。
家庭医学住院医师培训项目为住院医师提供的门诊实验室培训比其他专业更多。有必要改进门诊实验室实践基础知识的住院医师培训。
