Williams P B, Buhr M P, Weber R W, Volz M A, Koepke J W, Selner J C
Allergy Respiratory Institute of Colorado, Denver 80222.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995 Jan;95(1 Pt 1):88-95. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(95)70156-7.
Urban air samples contain numerous irregular respirable black particles, which may be airborne tire fragments. A major component of tires is natural latex. Proteins of natural latex can act as adjuvants and as antigens capable of eliciting immediate hypersensitivity, making their presence in particulate air pollution an important clinical issue.
Particulate air pollutants were collected by volumetric sampling devices and characterized by optical microscopy, chemical solubility tests, and mass spectrometry. Extracts of rubber tire fragments were tested for elutable latex antigens by antibody inhibition assays.
Identification of latex in air samples and milled material from automobile tires was supported by mass spectrometry results and was further confirmed by physical appearance and chemical solubility studies. Competitive immunoassay confirmed the presence of extractable latex antigens from rubber tire fragments.
Latex antigens are extractable from rubber tire fragments, which are abundant in urban air samples. Given the adjuvant and sensitizing effects of latex, these airborne particles could contribute, through direct and indirect mechanisms, to the increase in both latex sensitization and asthma. The impact of these particles should be considered in the issue of morbidity and mortality rates associated with respiratory diseases and air pollution.
城市空气样本中含有大量不规则的可吸入黑色颗粒，这些颗粒可能是空气中的轮胎碎片。轮胎的主要成分是天然乳胶。天然乳胶中的蛋白质可作为佐剂和能够引发速发型超敏反应的抗原，这使得它们在颗粒状空气污染中的存在成为一个重要的临床问题。
通过容量采样装置收集颗粒状空气污染物，并通过光学显微镜、化学溶解度测试和质谱进行表征。通过抗体抑制试验检测橡胶轮胎碎片提取物中的可洗脱乳胶抗原。
质谱结果支持了在空气样本和汽车轮胎研磨材料中乳胶的鉴定，物理外观和化学溶解度研究进一步证实了这一点。竞争性免疫测定证实了橡胶轮胎碎片中存在可提取的乳胶抗原。
乳胶抗原可从橡胶轮胎碎片中提取，而橡胶轮胎碎片在城市空气样本中大量存在。鉴于乳胶的佐剂和致敏作用，这些空气中的颗粒可能通过直接和间接机制导致乳胶致敏和哮喘的增加。在与呼吸系统疾病和空气污染相关的发病率和死亡率问题中应考虑这些颗粒的影响。
