McHorney C A, Ware J E
Health Services Research and Development Field Program, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705.
Med Care. 1995 Jan;33(1):15-28. doi: 10.1097/00005650-199501000-00002.
Alternate-form health measures are useful for clinical trials or health services research requiring repeated administrations over a short interval of time. Further, by using alternate-form methodology, they can be utilized to estimate score reliability. Data from the Medical Outcomes Study were used to evaluate five alternate forms of the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) general mental health scale (MHI-5). Well-established psychometric criteria were used to select the best alternate form and to estimate the reliability of the MHI-5 using the alternate-form methodology. Although a considerable degree of comparability across the five alternate forms was observed for criteria pertaining to estimates of item-internal consistency and reliability, distributional characteristics of scales, tests of empirical validity, and score equivalence at the individual level, we recommend one alternate form that satisfied all evaluation criteria and did so better than any other alternate form. Using the alternate-form methodology of estimating reliability, results suggest that the internal-consistency method underestimates the reliability of the MHI-5 by 3%. The methodology presented here should prove useful to others interested in constructing and evaluating alternate forms, and the alternate form recommended here (MHI-5AF) should prove useful across many health status assessment applications.
交替形式的健康测量方法对于需要在短时间间隔内重复进行的临床试验或健康服务研究很有用。此外，通过使用交替形式的方法，可以利用它们来估计分数的可靠性。医学结果研究的数据用于评估简短健康调查36项（SF - 36）一般心理健康量表（MHI - 5）的五种交替形式。使用成熟的心理测量标准来选择最佳的交替形式，并使用交替形式的方法来估计MHI - 5的可靠性。尽管在与项目内部一致性和可靠性估计、量表的分布特征、实证效度检验以及个体水平的分数等效性相关的标准方面，观察到五种交替形式之间有相当程度的可比性，但我们推荐一种满足所有评估标准且比任何其他交替形式表现更好的交替形式。使用估计可靠性的交替形式方法，结果表明内部一致性方法将MHI - 5的可靠性低估了3%。这里介绍的方法应该对其他有兴趣构建和评估交替形式的人有用，并且这里推荐的交替形式（MHI - 5AF）应该在许多健康状况评估应用中有用。
