Tebēcis A K
Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn. 1975;29(4):305-13.
A controlled, quantitative investigation of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and transcendental meditation (TM) revealed that EEG changes during TM were rarely as pronounced or consistent as previous reports suggest. There was considerable variation between subjects, some displaying no EEG changes at all during TM compared with an equal period of non-meditation. Any changes that did occur in a particular individual were not necessarily repeated in a subsequent session. A comparison of mean EEG parameters of the experimental group revealed no consistent significant differences between meditation and non-meditation, although trends towards increased theta and decreased beta activity during meditation were apparent. The biggest differences in mean EEG parameters were between subject groups. In particular, the group of meditators exhibited significantly more theta activity (during both TM and non-meditation) than a randomly selected group of individuals that had never meditated or been hypnotized. The EEG characteristics of the group of meditators were similar to those of a group of subjects experienced in self-hypnosis. It is concluded that the most obvious EEG changes during meditation are long-term. In people who regularly practise TM (or self-hypnosis), the EEG gradually (over weeks or months) tends to "slow down." Such a "slowed down" EEG is apparent during both normal waking conditions and altered states of consciousness in these individuals.
一项关于脑电图（EEG）与超觉静坐（TM）的对照定量研究表明，TM过程中的EEG变化很少像之前报告所显示的那样显著或一致。不同受试者之间存在相当大的差异，一些受试者在TM期间与相同时长的非冥想状态相比，EEG根本没有变化。特定个体出现的任何变化在后续 session 中不一定会重复。对实验组平均EEG参数的比较显示，冥想和非冥想之间没有一致的显著差异，尽管在冥想期间θ波增加和β波活动减少的趋势很明显。平均EEG参数的最大差异存在于受试者组之间。特别是，冥想者组（在TM和非冥想期间）表现出的θ波活动明显多于一组从未冥想或被催眠过的随机选择个体。冥想者组的EEG特征与一组有自我催眠经验的受试者相似。研究得出结论，冥想期间最明显的EEG变化是长期的。在经常练习TM（或自我催眠）的人身上，EEG会逐渐（在数周或数月内）趋于“变慢”。在这些个体的正常清醒状态和意识改变状态下，这种“变慢”的EEG都是明显的。
