Viru M
Department of Exercise Biology, Tartu University, Estonia.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1994 Sep;34(3):217-27.
The purpose of the study was to detect the specific nature of the action of various training regimens on glycogen, activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK) and myofibrillar Ca(2+)-ATPase, and Ca2+ accumulation by the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle fibers of various types. Models of sprint, interval or aerobic continuous running training for 10 weeks, as well as a model of fast strength training (repeated fast clambering up a slope of 80 degrees) and swimming training for 6 weeks were applied in Wistar rats. Most of the training regimes used caused increases in glycogen content both in the soleus muscle (SO) by 29 ... 199% and in the white part of the quadriceps muscle (FG) by 37 ... 65%. Only sprint training was ineffective in both muscles and aerobic running in FG fibers. All training regimes, including sprint training, increased the glycogen content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SPR). A significant suppression of PFK activity was found 48 hours after interval or aerobic running in both muscles and after sprint running in the soleus (by 26 ... 62%). However, 4-min highly intensive test running (60 m.s-1) resulted in 2-3 fold increases in PFK activity of both muscles in rats trained by interval or continuous running but not in sprint trained and sedentary animals. It was suggested that training in intensive interval running or aerobic running enhances the sensitivity of PFK both to inhibitory and activating influences. The activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase increased as a result of sprint, interval, continuous running and strength training and decreased in result of continuous swimming. The rate of Ca2+ accumulation by SPR increased with sprint, interval, aerobic running and fast strength training in SO and with fast strength training in FG fibers.
本研究的目的是检测不同训练方案对糖原、磷酸果糖激酶（PFK）活性、肌原纤维Ca(2+)-ATP酶以及不同类型肌纤维中肌浆网Ca2+蓄积作用的具体性质。对Wistar大鼠采用了10周的短跑、间歇或有氧持续跑训练模型，以及6周的快速力量训练（反复快速攀爬80度斜坡）和游泳训练模型。大多数训练方案使比目鱼肌（SO）糖原含量增加29...199%，股四头肌白色部分（FG）糖原含量增加37...65%。只有短跑训练在这两块肌肉中无效，且FG纤维的有氧跑训练也无效。所有训练方案，包括短跑训练，均使肌浆网（SPR）糖原含量增加。在间歇或有氧跑后48小时，以及比目鱼肌短跑后，发现PFK活性显著受到抑制（降低26...62%）。然而，对于经间歇或持续跑训练的大鼠，4分钟高强度测试跑（60 m·s-1）使两块肌肉的PFK活性提高了2 - 3倍，但短跑训练和久坐不动的动物则未出现这种情况。这表明高强度间歇跑或有氧跑训练增强了PFK对抑制性和激活性影响的敏感性。短跑、间歇、持续跑和力量训练使Ca(2+)-ATP酶活性增加，但持续游泳使其活性降低。SPR的Ca2+蓄积率在SO中随短跑、间歇、有氧跑和快速力量训练而增加，在FG纤维中随快速力量训练而增加。
