Anpalahan M, Birch D, Becker G
Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Nephron. 1994;68(2):180-3. doi: 10.1159/000188253.
A major difficulty in diagnostic urinary microscopy is the need to observe a freshly passed urine specimen. This study illustrates the use of glutaraldehyde (GA) and formaldehyde (FA) to preserve urinary sediment for diagnostic microscopy. GA and FA in whole urine cause a precipitate to form if there is a trace or more of proteinuria. This can be eliminated by centrifugation and fixation of urine sediment. Red blood cells (RBC) and casts are adequately preserved for diagnostic microscopy for at least 3 months. However, subtle changes in RBC morphology consisting of hexagonal distortion and wrinkling of cell margins are seen in some cells. White blood cells (WBC) are less reliably preserved. Diagnostic phase-contrast microscopy can be performed on urine sediment stored at room temperature for up to 3 months after fixation with GA or FA.
诊断性尿液显微镜检查的一个主要困难在于需要观察刚排出的尿液标本。本研究阐述了使用戊二醛（GA）和甲醛（FA）来保存尿液沉淀物用于诊断性显微镜检查。如果存在微量或更多蛋白尿，全尿中的GA和FA会导致沉淀形成。这可以通过离心和固定尿液沉淀物来消除。红细胞（RBC）和管型至少可在3个月内得到充分保存用于诊断性显微镜检查。然而，在一些细胞中可见红细胞形态的细微变化，包括六边形变形和细胞边缘起皱。白细胞（WBC）的保存可靠性较差。在用GA或FA固定后，可对室温下保存长达3个月的尿液沉淀物进行诊断性相差显微镜检查。
