Vitreous surgery in children.

This study examines the results of research on the surgical treatment of children with various vitreous diseases. Vitrectomy was performed on 44 eyes in children, from four months to fifteen years of age, suffering from the following diseases: lensectomy complications as vitreocorneal adhesions or immersion of lens mass into the vitreous; persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV), trauma consequences, uveitis and eyeball subatrophy. Preoperational examination included measurement of visual acuity, biomicroscopy, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, tonography, ultrasonography and electrophysiological examinations. Vitreotome 'ocutome' was used to perform the operations. A transcyliar approach was used in all but 14 cases, for which the operations were performed by limbal incision. Improvement of visual functions was noted in 28 eyes (63.3%), and relatively good visual function was achieved in 7 eyes (16.9%). Visual acuity remained unchanged in 6 eyes (13.6%) because of severe amblyopia, although the transparency of optic zone was restored and the fundus did become visible. IN 10 (22.7%) of the children visual acuity could not be measured because of too young an age. One day after surgery a cellular suspension in the vitreous was observed in many eyes. This however, resolved within 3 days. Intraocular pressure usually returned during the first week after surgery. Hypotonia remained for 1-2 months after subtotal vitrectomy. The transcyliar extraction of pathological vitreous in children is generally a less traumatic and more convenient means of intravitreal manipulation, but 2 cases of intraoperational hemophthalmia suggested that iridiocyclitis is a contraindication for transcyliar approach. Transcorneal extraction is a less traumatic surgical method in such cases.