Cress M E, Schechtman K B, Mulrow C D, Fiatarone M A, Gerety M B, Buchner D M
University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center ZA-87, Seattle 98104.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995 Feb;43(2):93-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06372.x.
The objective of this study was to compare two methods of measuring physical function in subjects with a broad range of abilities and to evaluate the effects of cognitive, social, educational, and age factors on the relationship between the two methods.
Multiple regression analysis was used to compare self-perceived (dependent variables) with performance measures (independent variables). Covariates included age, gender, Mini-Mental State Exam score, education, living status, and depression score.
Five community-dwelling and two nursing home sites.
417 community-dwelling subjects and 200 nursing home residents aged 62-98 years.
Self-perceived physical function was assessed with the physical dimension summary score of the Sickness Impact Profile, which comprises three subscales: ambulation, mobility, and body care and movement. Physical performance was evaluated by self-selected gait speed, chair-stand time, maximal grip strength, and a balance score.
Nursing home residents and community-dwellers were significantly different (P < .0001) in all variables except age and gender. Self-perceived and performance-based measures were moderately correlated, with a range from r = -.194 to r = -.625 (P < .05). Gait speed was the strongest independent predictor of self-perceived physical function in both groups. Symptoms of depression were also an independent predictor of self-perceived function in nursing home residents; subjects who had such symptoms report more self-perceived dysfunction than would be predicted based on performance tests.
Self-selected gait speed is a global indicator of self-perceived physical function over a broad range of abilities. External determinants (depressive symptoms, cognitive function, marital status, etc.) affect self-perceived function in both groups, but gait speed is the greatest single predictor of self-perceived function. In nursing home residents depressive symptomatology is related to self-perceived.
本研究的目的是比较两种测量不同能力受试者身体功能的方法，并评估认知、社会、教育和年龄因素对这两种方法之间关系的影响。
采用多元回归分析比较自我感知（因变量）与表现测量（自变量）。协变量包括年龄、性别、简易精神状态检查表得分、教育程度、生活状况和抑郁得分。
五个社区居住点和两个养老院。
417名年龄在62 - 98岁的社区居住受试者和200名养老院居民。
采用疾病影响概况量表的身体维度总分评估自我感知的身体功能，该量表包括三个子量表：行走、活动能力以及身体护理和活动。通过自行选择的步态速度、从椅子上站起的时间、最大握力和平衡得分来评估身体表现。
除年龄和性别外，养老院居民和社区居住者在所有变量上均存在显著差异（P < .0001）。自我感知测量与基于表现的测量呈中度相关，相关系数范围为r = -0.194至r = -0.625（P < .05）。步态速度是两组自我感知身体功能的最强独立预测因素。抑郁症状也是养老院居民自我感知功能的独立预测因素；有此类症状的受试者报告的自我感知功能障碍比基于表现测试所预测的更多。
自行选择的步态速度是广泛能力范围内自我感知身体功能的总体指标。外部决定因素（抑郁症状、认知功能、婚姻状况等）影响两组的自我感知功能，但步态速度是自我感知功能的最大单一预测因素。在养老院居民中，抑郁症状与自我感知有关。
