Smith R E, Martin J F
Department of Medicine, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1994 Sep;7(3):485-97. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80095-2.
Platelet function is a balance between factors determined at thrombopoiesis and prothrombotic and antithrombotic mediators from the vascular wall. Nitric oxide is a crucial vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet activation synthesized constitutively by the vascular endothelium. In some pathological states this synthesis may be impaired leading to a prothrombotic state. In other situations, synthesis may be increased by a second inducible enzyme. Nitric oxide synergizes with other antithrombotic vasodilators such as prostacyclin and is opposed by prothrombotic vasoconstrictor mediators such as thromboxane. Platelets are anucleate and their reactivity is partly determined at thrombopoiesis by their progenitor cell, the megakaryocyte. In thrombotic states, such as myocardial infarction, larger, more reactive platelets from larger megakaryocytes are observed.
血小板功能是血小板生成过程中所决定的因素与来自血管壁的促血栓形成和抗血栓形成介质之间的平衡。一氧化氮是一种关键的血管舒张剂和血小板活化抑制剂，由血管内皮持续合成。在某些病理状态下，这种合成可能受损，导致血栓形成倾向。在其他情况下，第二种诱导酶可能会增加其合成。一氧化氮与其他抗血栓形成的血管舒张剂如前列环素协同作用，并受到促血栓形成的血管收缩介质如血栓素的拮抗。血小板无细胞核，其反应性在血小板生成过程中部分由其祖细胞巨核细胞决定。在血栓形成状态下，如心肌梗死，可观察到来自较大巨核细胞的更大、反应性更强的血小板。
