Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R
Section of Dermatology, Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Contact Dermatitis. 1994 Oct;31(4):242-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb01996.x.
Thiourea compounds are mainly used as accelerators in the rubber industry, but also in other industries, e.g., as antioxidants in the graphics industry. Thiourea compounds may provoke allergic contact dermatitis, although the number of reported cases is relatively low. During 1985-1991, we had 5 patients with allergic patch test reactions caused by thiourea compounds. 1 of our patients had to use a knee brace after an occupational accident. He developed allergic contact dermatitis caused by the knee brace, probably because he had become sensitized to diethylthiourea. 2 patients were probably sensitized by diphenylthiourea in neoprene gloves. A florist had an allergic patch test reaction to diphenylthiourea and might have been sensitized by fungicides or pesticides, which break down into thioureas. It is often difficult, however, to detect the source of thiourea compound sensitization. If the patient has contact dermatitis and has been exposed to products that may contain thiourea compounds (or compounds that break down into thiourea compounds), such as rubber, PVC plastic or adhesive, diazo paper, paints or glue remover, anticorrosive agents, fungicides or pesticides, patch testing with a series of thiourea compounds needs to be performed. If patch testing with thiourea compounds is not performed, allergic contact dermatitis caused by thiourea compounds is not likely to be diagnosed.
硫脲化合物主要用作橡胶工业中的促进剂，但也用于其他行业，例如在制版工业中用作抗氧化剂。硫脲化合物可能会引发过敏性接触性皮炎，尽管报告的病例数量相对较少。在1985年至1991年期间，我们有5例因硫脲化合物导致的过敏性斑贴试验反应患者。我们的1例患者在一次职业事故后不得不使用膝关节支具。他因膝关节支具患上了过敏性接触性皮炎，可能是因为他对二乙硫脲致敏。2例患者可能因氯丁橡胶手套中的二苯硫脲致敏。一位花店店主对二苯硫脲有过敏性斑贴试验反应，可能是被分解为硫脲的杀菌剂或杀虫剂致敏。然而，通常很难检测到硫脲化合物致敏的来源。如果患者患有接触性皮炎，并且接触过可能含有硫脲化合物（或分解为硫脲化合物的化合物）的产品，如橡胶、聚氯乙烯塑料或粘合剂、重氮纸、油漆或胶水去除剂、防腐剂、杀菌剂或杀虫剂，则需要用一系列硫脲化合物进行斑贴试验。如果不进行硫脲化合物的斑贴试验，由硫脲化合物引起的过敏性接触性皮炎不太可能被诊断出来。
