Zhang Y, Tao K H, Zhao X Z
Institute of Military Medicine Nanjing Command, PLA, Nanjing.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1994 May;28(3):132-5.
Studies on the possible routes of transmission of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) were conducted in experimental animals. Results showed five-ID50/ml of EHF virus (EHFV) suspension could infect rats through their damaged skin. Both gamasid mites and mower's mites collected from epidemic areas could naturally infect and transmit EHFV by biting and stinging, or transmit transovarially. EHFV excreted from the experimentally infected animals could be transmitted to normal ones by aerosol. Experimental rats could be infected with EHFV via damaged mucous membrane of the digestive tract. The above results suggested the main route of transmission of EHFV was via damaged skin. Mite-borne transmission played an important role in perpetuating natural foci of EHF in rats. Respiratory transmission of EHFV via aerosol also was a possible route of transmission under specific conditions. In general, EHFV could hardly be transmitted via digestive tract. All those mentioned above provided an important scientific basis for prevention of EHF.
在实验动物身上进行了关于流行性出血热（EHF）可能传播途径的研究。结果表明，每毫升含5个半数感染剂量（ID50）的EHF病毒（EHFV）悬液可通过破损皮肤感染大鼠。从疫区采集的革螨和恙螨可通过叮咬和蜇刺自然感染并传播EHFV，也可经卵传递。实验感染动物排出的EHFV可通过气溶胶传播给正常动物。实验大鼠可通过受损的消化道黏膜感染EHFV。上述结果提示，EHFV的主要传播途径是通过破损皮肤。螨媒传播在维持大鼠EHF自然疫源地方面起着重要作用。在特定条件下，EHFV通过气溶胶进行的呼吸道传播也是一种可能的传播途径。一般来说，EHFV很难通过消化道传播。上述所有内容为EHF的预防提供了重要的科学依据。
