Keay S, Wecksler W, Wasserman S S, Margolick J, Farzadegan H
University of Maryland School of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases), Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
J Infect Dis. 1995 Feb;171(2):312-9. doi: 10.1093/infdis/171.2.312.
Serum specimens (n = 161) from 31 persons before and after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroconversion were tested for anti-CD4 antibodies. These antibodies were detected by both ELISA and Western blot in 55% (17/31) of subjects when HIV-1 seroconversion was detected and in 26% (8/31) from sera obtained 6-24 months earlier. A decrease in CD4+ cell number was associated more with development of anti-CD4 antibodies or peak anti-CD4 antibody activity than with development of anti-HIV-1 antibodies. Quantitative DNA polymerase chain reaction assay of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 7 seroconverters showed evidence of HIV-1 infection in 4 of 4 specimens obtained after HIV-1 seroconversion but was nonreactive for 12 of 12 specimens obtained before HIV-1 seroconversion, including 4 specimens positive for anti-CD4 antibodies by ELISA and Western blot. Therefore, anti-CD4 antibodies are frequently present in the sera of HIV-1-infected persons before and at the time HIV-1 seroconversion is detectable and are associated with a decline in CD4+ cell counts, but they are not a marker for HIV-1 infection in seronegative persons.
对31名1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）血清转化前后的血清标本（n = 161）进行抗CD4抗体检测。当检测到HIV-1血清转化时，55%（17/31）的受试者通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和蛋白质印迹法均检测到这些抗体，而在6至24个月前采集的血清中，26%（8/31）的受试者检测到这些抗体。CD4+细胞数量的减少与抗CD4抗体的产生或抗CD4抗体活性峰值的相关性，比与抗HIV-1抗体的产生更强。对7名血清转化者的外周血单个核细胞进行定量DNA聚合酶链反应检测，结果显示在HIV-1血清转化后采集的4份标本中，4份均有HIV-1感染的证据，但在HIV-1血清转化前采集的12份标本中，12份均无反应，其中包括4份经ELISA和蛋白质印迹法检测抗CD4抗体呈阳性的标本。因此，在可检测到HIV-1血清转化之前及当时，HIV-1感染者的血清中经常存在抗CD4抗体，且与CD4+细胞计数下降有关，但它们并非血清阴性者HIV-1感染的标志物。
