Massaro D W, Cohen M M
Program in Experimental Psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1994 Dec;20(6):1107-28. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.6.1107.
The fuzzy logical model of perception (FLMP), used as a framework to analyze phenomena in reading, asserts that there are multiple influences on reading performance. Experiments on the dynamic interaction of letter information and orthographic context are presented. Previous results have supported the FLMP over a variety of interactive activation models. These findings indicated that lateral masking and the time course of processing must be accounted for in the theoretical prediction of letter and word recognition. A new finding is that the word superiority effect is not influenced by the nature of the backward masking stimulus, nor is it diminished with letter and word masks, contrary to the predictions of several extant explanations. The FLMP is extended to account for reaction time in reading. Perceptual recognition, naming, and lexical decision tasks reflect the influence of multiple sources of information. These include orthographic structure, spelling-to-speech correspondences, and word frequency. Reading can be productively analyzed as a prototypical pattern recognition situation in which the reader exploits multiple sources of information in perception and action.
感知模糊逻辑模型（FLMP）被用作分析阅读现象的框架，它认为阅读表现受到多种因素的影响。本文展示了关于字母信息与正字法语境动态交互的实验。先前的研究结果在多种交互式激活模型中支持了FLMP。这些发现表明，在字母和单词识别的理论预测中必须考虑侧向掩蔽和加工的时间进程。一项新的发现是，单词优势效应不受反向掩蔽刺激性质的影响，并且在字母和单词掩蔽情况下也不会减弱，这与几种现有解释的预测相反。FLMP被扩展以解释阅读中的反应时间。感知识别、命名和词汇判断任务反映了多种信息源的影响。这些信息源包括正字法结构、拼写与语音的对应关系以及单词频率。阅读可以作为一种典型的模式识别情况进行有效分析，其中读者在感知和行动中利用多种信息源。
