Mericske-Stern R
Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
J Prosthet Dent. 1994 Nov;72(5):543-50. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(94)90129-5.
Roots maintained under the denture base preserve the alveolar ridge, provide sensory feedback and improve the stability of the dentures. Furthermore, with the use of copings and precision attachments, retention of the denture is provided. Overdentures are a favored treatment modality for elderly patients with few remaining teeth because adaptation to wearing dentures is facilitated. Recently, overdenture treatment with the use of implants has become popular for edentulous elderly patients who are maladaptive to complete dentures. Although the biologic basis of implants installed in the bone is different from roots surrounded by a periodontal membrane, the prosthetic concept is similar. Tactile sensibility is reduced because of the absence of periodontal receptors. However, oral function with overdentures supported by roots or implants is comparable and does not seem to depend on the presence of a periodontal membrane. Comparison of studies demonstrates a higher tendency for success when overdentures are supported by implants than by roots. This is particularly true for mandibular overdentures, whereas for maxillary implants, more frequent failures are observed with low bone quality and short implants. This study discusses results and special applications with regard to an elderly population who will profit from the benefit of overdenture therapy.
保留在义齿基托下方的牙根可保留牙槽嵴，提供感觉反馈并提高义齿的稳定性。此外，通过使用顶盖和精密附着体，可实现义齿的固位。覆盖义齿是剩余牙齿较少的老年患者青睐的治疗方式，因为有助于适应佩戴义齿。近来，对于不适应全口义齿的无牙老年患者，采用种植体的覆盖义齿治疗已变得流行。尽管植入骨内的种植体的生物学基础与被牙周膜包绕的牙根不同，但修复理念相似。由于缺乏牙周感受器，触觉敏感性降低。然而，由牙根或种植体支持的覆盖义齿的口腔功能相当，似乎并不取决于牙周膜的存在。研究比较表明，种植体支持的覆盖义齿比牙根支持的覆盖义齿成功率更高。下颌覆盖义齿尤其如此，而对于上颌种植体，在骨质质量差和种植体较短时观察到更频繁的失败。本研究讨论了对于将从覆盖义齿治疗中获益的老年人群的结果和特殊应用。
