Tsaneva L
Probl Khig. 1993;18:72-9.
The results from the investigation of the threshold of discomfort in 385 operators from firm "Kremikovtsi" are discussed. The most expressed changes are found in operators with increased tonal auditory threshold up to 45 and above 50 dB, in high confidential probability. The observed changes in the threshold of discomfort are classified into 3 groups: 1). Raised tonal auditory threshold (up to 30 dB) without decrease in the threshold of discomfort; 2). Decreased threshold of discomfort (with about 15-20 dB) in raised tonal auditory threshold (up to 45 dB); 3). Decreased threshold of discomfort on the background of raised (above 50 dB) tonal auditory threshold. On 4 figures are represented audiograms, illustrating the state of tonal auditory threshold, the field of hearing and the threshold of discomfort. The field of hearing of the operators from the III and IV groups is narrowed, and in the latter also deformed. The explanation of this pathophysiological phenomenon is related to the increased effect of the sound irritation and the presence of recruitment phenomenon with possible engagement of the central end of the auditory analyser. It is underlined, that the threshold of discomfort is sensitive index for the state of the individual norms of each operator for the speech-sound-noise discomfort.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本文讨论了对“克雷米科夫齐”公司385名操作人员不适阈值的调查结果。在声调听觉阈值提高到45dB及以上50dB以上的操作人员中，发现了最明显的变化，具有高度的可信度。观察到的不适阈值变化分为3组：1）. 声调听觉阈值升高（高达30dB），但不适阈值未降低；2）. 声调听觉阈值升高（高达45dB）时，不适阈值降低（约15 - 20dB）；3）. 在声调听觉阈值升高（高于50dB）的背景下，不适阈值降低。文中给出了4张听力图，说明了声调听觉阈值、听力范围和不适阈值的状态。第三组和第四组操作人员的听力范围变窄，第四组的听力范围还发生了变形。这种病理生理现象的解释与声音刺激的增强作用以及可能涉及听觉分析仪中枢端的重振现象有关。需要强调的是，不适阈值是每个操作人员语音 - 声音 - 噪声不适个体规范状态的敏感指标。（摘要截取自250字）
