Crawford S Y, Santell J P
Department of Pharmacy Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1994 Oct 1;51(19):2377-93.
The results of a national mail survey of pharmaceutical services in federal hospitals conducted by ASHP from May to July 1993 are reported. Mailing lists were compiled of all Air Force, Army, Navy, Public Health Service, and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals, as well as some federal prison hospitals. Questionnaires were mailed to each chief of pharmacy. The adjusted gross population size was 326. The net response rate was 76%. Complete unit dose drug distribution was offered by 85% of respondents, and 83% offered complete, comprehensive i.v. admixture programs. About half of the pharmacies provided decentralized services. Over 99% provided services to ambulatory care patients. A computerized pharmacy system was present in 99% of the departments. More than 95% of hospitals participated in adverse drug reaction, medication error management, and drug-use-evaluation programs. A total of 93% provided drug therapy monitoring, and 89% provided patient education. About 70% provided written documentation of pharmacist interventions in the medical records, and 57% participated in drug research. A total of 42% provided pharmacist-managed drug clinics, 41% participated in drug management of medical emergencies, 30% provided written medication histories, and 30% provided drug therapy management planning. Pharmacokinetic consultations were provided by 64% of departments. About 90% had a well-controlled formulary system and prescribing restrictions. Therapeutic interchange was practiced by 64%. Diversified pharmaceutical services included telephone or mail-in refill services (80%), mail-out pharmaceutical services (58%), and services to long-term-care facilities (49%). A total of 70% of the hospitals were affiliated with a pharmacy school. The first ASHP national survey of pharmaceutical services in federal hospitals showed that comprehensive distributive and clinical services were offered by most of the facilities.
本文报告了美国卫生系统药师协会（ASHP）于1993年5月至7月对联邦医院药学服务开展的一项全国性邮寄调查结果。邮件列表涵盖了所有空军、陆军、海军、公共卫生服务部以及退伍军人事务部（VA）的医院，还有一些联邦监狱医院。调查问卷被邮寄给了各药房主任。调整后的总样本量为326家。净回复率为76%。85%的受访者提供了完整的单剂量药品分发服务，83%提供了完整、全面的静脉药物混合调配服务。约一半的药房提供分散式服务。超过99%的药房为门诊患者提供服务。99%的科室配备了计算机化药房系统。超过95%的医院参与了药品不良反应、用药错误管理和药物使用评估项目。共有93%的医院提供药物治疗监测，89%提供患者教育。约70%的医院在病历中提供了药师干预的书面记录，57%参与了药物研究。共有42%的医院提供由药师管理的药物诊所，41%参与了医疗紧急情况的药物管理，30%提供书面用药史，30%提供药物治疗管理规划。64%的科室提供药代动力学咨询。约90%的医院有管控良好的药品处方集系统和处方限制。64%的医院开展了治疗性药品替换。多样化的药学服务包括电话或邮寄续方服务（80%）、邮寄药学服务（58%）以及为长期护理机构提供的服务（49%）。共有70%的医院与药学院有附属关系。ASHP首次对联邦医院药学服务进行的全国性调查显示，大多数机构都提供了全面的分发和临床服务。
